Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
Sample Type: Serum
Description:
Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme found throughout the body, but it is most concentrated in the liver, bones, kidneys, and bile ducts. It plays a key role in breaking down proteins and is especially important in processes involving the liver and bone.
Purpose of Test:
The ALP test measures the level of alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum and is commonly used to:
Evaluate liver function
Detect bile duct obstruction
Diagnose bone diseases (e.g., Paget's disease, bone cancer)
Monitor liver or bone disorders
Normal Range (may vary slightly by lab):
Adults: 44 to 147 IU/L
Children and adolescents may have higher levels due to active bone growth.
Causes of Elevated ALP:
Liver conditions (hepatitis, cirrhosis, bile duct blockage)
Bone disorders (osteomalacia, rickets, bone tumors)
Pregnancy (placental ALP)
Certain cancers
Causes of Low ALP:
Malnutrition
Zinc deficiency
Hypothyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., hypophosphatasia)
Note:
ALP results are often interpreted alongside other liver or bone-related tests for accurate diagnosis.
Related Articles
HbA1c Test Explained
The HbA1c test is an important laboratory test that provides an est...
Blood Sugar Test Explained
Blood sugar testing is an important part of healthcare and can help...
Hematocrit Explained: What It Measures and What Your Results Mean
Hematocrit is an important blood measurement that shows the proport...